AL-AfricaAmer-L Archives

From: "Alabama Slaves" <>
Subject: [AL-AfricaAmer Genealogy] Native American Research
Date: Wed, 8 Nov 2000 22:26:17 -0500

Native American Research


You should begin by tracing all of your family members as if they are of
anglo-saxon heritage. Obtain as much information as possible from
living relatives. Ask them if they can provide you with birthdates,
places of residences and dates of marriages and deaths. Do this as far
as it is possible to trace them. Make notations of travel if they went
to OK for example, and then returned back to Alabama or Georgia.

Due to the mistreatment of natives, you may find some relatives less
willing to cooperate or even admit to native blood. They may say they
were "Black Dutch" or Black or anything but Native American. Until the
1960's, Native Americans had no legal existence in Alabama or Georgia
(i.e. could not vote, sell land, swear out warrants, serve on juries,
make depositions, etc) You will find very few on the rolls in these
states. If you do not find them on the rolls, do not be discouraged.

HISTORY & CLUES: Ask if they spoke a "foreign" language or were they in
a state before it actually became a state. You will find with native
research that you must be more than a genealogist... you must also
become a historian. You will have to learn where the natives were
located, if they were removed or if they left before a removal and went
"West of the Mississippi", etc. Also remember that the Natives on the
east coast were invaded hundreds of years before the natives on the west
coast. Many of the tribes either died out, or banded together to
protect themselves from the common enemy.

PICTURES: Collect the pictures, but do not assume they are native if
you see high cheek bones and do not assume that they are not native if
you do not see dark hair and eyes. Even in the 1830's some Cherokee's
were hard to recognize as native without their ribbon shirts.

ORAL HISTORY: Probably one of the most important things you can
collect, as far as native research goes, is the oral history. Do not
just ask family for names and dates. And you may find, as in all oral
history that there are bits and pieces of truth you can use to research
the facts. Native research requires extreme patience and dedication if
you do not find them on the rolls.

FEDERAL AND STATE TRIBAL ENROLLMENT: If you wish to enroll in a tribe
you must meet their tribal requirements. The Federally recognized
tribes have very strict guidelines as related to roll requirements. The
State recognized tribes do not require that your ancestors to be on the
Dawes since the remnants would have put themselves at risk by telling
this information. Many of our direct ancestors may not be on a roll,
but perhaps a great aunt or uncle is. The State tribes usually receive
no government funding and it's members are only involved to claim their
cultural heritage and right.

ROLLS: Make sure you read the requirements for being on each roll. If
you are reading the Guion Miller rolls, for example, and you see, "not
eligible", it does not mean that these people were not Native. It means
they were not a party to that particular treaty and did not meet the
requirements.

1817-1819: Rolls, Register of Cherokee who wished to remain in East - 2
vols. arranged chronologically by date of registration.

1817-1838: Rolls, Emigration, Indians who wished to emigrate. Only
heads of families listed - arranged chronologically - 18 vols.

Old Settler's Roll: http://members.aol.com/Iredtail/oldsettlers.html

1819: Application for Reservation. Arranged alphabetical by name of
Indian.

1835: Henderson Roll: Cherokees living within the limits of TN, AL, NC
and GA. Heads of families, listed by county, town and state.

1835 Cherokee's East of the MS River: http://home1.gte.net/cicsd/1835.htm

1848 Mullay Roll: Prepared by Special Agent J. C. Mullay of Eastern
Cherokee, Authorized by Congress.

1851 Siler Roll: Census made by D. W. Siler, as a Special Agent of
Cherokee East of the Mississippi River.

1852: Rolly, payroll grant of Immigrant or Eastern Cherokee coming to
Indian territory - west after 1835. Roll made by John Drennan, Supert.
of Indian Affairs. There are 14,094 names on this roll.

1852 Chapman Roll: Receipt roll for payment as prepared by Albert
Chapman, Special Agent. Cherokee East of the Mississippi River.
Entries arranged by number, each individual named, age and relationship.
http://members.aol.com/Iredtail/siler.html

1867 Powell Roll: no index, arranged by District of Cherokee Nation - 7
vols. names listed as visited and numbered by family groups - usually the
Indian name - entries also show ages, sex, color, Indian, whole, half-breed
and colored and although not completed by some District Census was suppose
to include value of estate, acres of land, livestock, products of industry,
school attendance.

1869-1871: Swetland Roll: William Chambers. Census taken in Sequoyah
District

1875: Roll, census (payroll) by William C. Smith

1879: Roll, payroll by D. W. Lipe, Joseph W. Howell's special report dated
March 3, 1909, as rolls reviewed by the Commission to the Five Tribes.

1880: Rolls, census - one of several rolls used by Dawes Commission to prove
citizenship on the Dawes Rolls. Arranged by Cherokee District and
alphabetically there under. Six schedules as follows: Cherokee by Blood,
Orphan's Roll under age 16, rejected roll; those who claim Cherokee
citizenship, intruders; non-citizen in nation by permit.

1880: Roll - pay or receipt - by Cherokee nation "for purchase of bread
stuffs" and in accordance with Act of national Council.

1883: Roll, Census, shows only name and age.

1883: Roll, payrool, $15.50 per capita.

1884: Hester Roll: prepared by Joseph Hester to determine rights under
Treaty of 1835. Cherokee Citizens - Eastern Band - Authorized by Act of
Congress in 1882.

1886: Roll, census

1886: Roll, payroll, 15 volumes.

1890: Roll, Census - by district, information included involves 105 columns.
Indian roll, orphan roll, rejected rolls, not recognized, intruders,
permitted.

1890: Roll, payroll by Cherokee District, 4 volumes.

1890: Payroll - by district, 4 volumes.

1893: Roll Census - by Cherokee District & Precincts. Cherokee by Blood, 51
volumes. Information on name, age, sex, admission reference, residency,
death, births, marital status and number of voters.

1894: Roll, payroll - by district, gives full names, page number and
district, 10 volumes.

1895: Rolls, Shawnee by James G. Dickson - Shawnees admitted to Cherokee
Citzenship prior to 6-10-1871.

1896: Rolls, Census - by district and precincts. This census was also
referred by the Dawes rolls and was checked against the 1880 rolls.

1896: Old Settler Roll; payroll, roll not located in national Archives.
Index to roll NA item no. 912. "Old Settler" has references to the Western
Cherokee who came West prior to the Treaty of New Echota in 1835. Original
settlement was made on White River, Arkansas territory. Payment on this roll
based on 1851 census of those eligible to participate in a payment to the
"Old Settlers". Information given includes 1851 roll no., name, age, sex,
address, and family relationship, heirship are also included, the names of
living relatives of those persons on the 1851 roll who died without issue.

1876-1897: Freedman Roll: Kerns Clifton, prepared by Special Commissioner
William E. Clifton, William Thompson and Robert H. Kern. Gives name,
position in family, age, sex and district of residence.

1900: Roll, equalization payroll Cherokee.

1907: Roll, harris, Blythe and French - a roll of persons recommended for
enrollment to Inspector Churchill by the Tribal Council of the Eastern band.
Entries give Roll no., Hester roll no., Indian name, English name, position
in family, sex, age, degree of blood.

1908: Churchill Roll: Eastern band of Cherokee as prepared by Frank C.
Churchill, Inspector - one roll lists rejected as well as accepted
applicants.

1908-1926: Rolls, anuity.




RESEARCH BOOKS: A few good books to check out for Tracing your Cherokee
Heritage are:

Cherokee Proud: A Guide for Tracing and Honoring your Cherokee
Ancestors. http://www.cherokeeproud.com/

Cherokee Connections: An introduction to Genealogical Sources
pertaining to Cherokee Ancestors, by Myra Vanderpool Gormley, Tacoma,
WA.

Exploring Your Cherokee Ancestry: A Basic Genealogical Research
Guide, by Thomas G. Mooney, Tahlequah, OK.



LIBRARIES & ARCHIVES: Many books, census rolls and other information
can be found that will help you in your search at the following
locations:

Alabama Department of Archives and History, 624, Washington Ave.,
Montgomery, AL 36130

The Birmingham Public Library, Southern History Department,
Birmingham, AL

Bureau of Indian Affairs, Federal Court Building, Muskogee, OK 74404
(Records consist of items such as enrollment record, allotment or land
records and probate records, etc.



CHEROKEE PUBLICATIONS: If you wish to learn more about the heritage,
culture, history and present day life of the Cherokee people, you may
wish to write the following:

Amerian Indian Culture and Research Journal, American Indian Study
Center, University of CA, Los Angeles, CA 90024

Cherokee Blood Newsletter, Shirley Hoskins, editor, P. O. Box 2261,
Chattanooga, TN 37422

Cherokee Family Researcher, 516 North 38th St., Mesa, AZ 85205

Society for American Indian Studies and Research, P. O. Box 443,
Hurst, TX 76053



CHEROKEE GENEALOGICAL RESEARCH BOOKS:

Cherokee by Blood, Vols. 1-9, by Jerry Wright Jordan (1907 claims)

The Eastern Cherokees: A Census of the Cherokee nation in NC, TN, AL
and GA in 1851, by David W. Siler, Polyanthos, Inc. Cottonport, LA

Old Cherokee Families, by Emmet Starr, University of Oklahoma, Norman,
OK

Those Who Cried, the 16,000, by James W. Tyner

Cherokee Indian Census of 1835 for the State of TN, by Homer A.
Walker, Washington, DC

Cherokee Indian census of 1835 for the States of GA, AL and NC, by
Homer A. Walker, Washington, DC

Cherokee Roots, Vols. 1-2, by Bob Blankenship, Cherokee, NC


Rolls

Choctaw: 1830 Armstrong; 1855 Payment Roll, 1868, 1874, 1885, 1896, 1906
Dawes
Creek: 1832 Parsons and Abbott; 1835 Claimants prior; 1857 Old Settlers;
1870 Loyal Creeks; 1890, 1895, 1896, 1904 Loyal Creeks, Dawes 1906

Seminole: 1868 Loyal Seminoles, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1906 Dawes

Chickasaw: 1818 Index only, 1837-1848 partial list of Emigration Rolls,
1878, 1890 Pickens, Pontotoc Counties and part of Tishomingo County; 1893
Maytubby; Ieshatubby heads of house only, 1897, 1906 Dawes

Cherokee: 1817 Reservees; 1817-35 Emigration Rolls; 1830-33 Old Settler
Payroll; 1833 Emigrants since 1833; 1835 Henderson; 1847 Mullay; 1851
Drennan, Old Settler, Chapman and Siler; 1867 Tompkins; 1884 Hester; 1895
Old Settlers; 1906 Dawes; 1906 Miller Roll

LINKS

Native Christian Church, Tribe of Christ, Leeds, AL
http://www.tribeofchrist.com

The Creek Nation - Alabama
http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Valley/6247/links.html#anchor115150

Alabama Gen Web - Native American
http://www.rootsweb.com/~algenweb/nativeam.html

The Seven State Recognized Tribes in the State of Alabama
http://www.bhm.tis.net/~fcp/aiac.html

Cherokee Regiments in the Civil War http://www.scv.org/cherokee.htm

Cherokee Indian Reservation, Eastern Band, NC http://www.cherokee-nc.com/

Native American Resources on the Internet
http://hanksville.phast.umass.edu/misc/NAresources.html

The Elders Society of the Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/7662/

Indian Graves http://www.dimensional.com/~sgrimm/joseph.htm

Tribes in the United States http://members.tripod.com/~PHILKON/links2.html

Native Tech http://www.nativeweb.org/NativeTech/

Native American Historical Population Information
http://members.aol.com/bbbenge/page22.html

General Native American Link Site - issues, history, etc.
http://members.tripod.com/~PHILKON/links.html

Cyndi's List - Native American sites http://www.cyndislist.com/native.htm

NativeWeb http://www.nativeweb.org/

The Trail of Tears http://rosecity.net/tears/#stories

History Links http://www.ucr.edu/h-gig/horuslinks.html

Historical Maps
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/Libs/PCL/Map_collection/map_sites/hist_sites.html

This week in North American Indian History
http://members.tripod.com/~PHILKON/index.html





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