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From:
Subject: Re: Queen Elizabeth II (21 April 1926- )
Date: Thu, 10 May 2007 19:25:43 EDT


Dear Micheil,
As You rightly point out a Bretwalda was a Engish
(Saxon) High King, The Picts, Scots, Irish and Welsh also used roughly the same form
of governance by which to greater or lesser degree the lesser Kings
(forerunners of nobles) obeyed , protected and gave counsel to the High King (when
They weren`t in open rebellion and trying to gain his place for themselves). They
had what amounted to a Constitutional Monarchy sans Constitution. As to
Scotland`s conquest by England, King Edward I took his armies there a number of
times between 1286 and 1306. Had the Comyn family ever decided to fight and risk
the ruin of their strong castles rather than negociate peaces largely
favorable to them and their allies, King Edward may have found a great degree of
difficulty in enforcing his will within the realm of Scotland. Then too, there was
that Ancient tradition (back to at least the reign of King Edward the Elder)
that the Scots monarchs submit to at least a verbal "overlordship" by the King
of England. Plus Edward I was of Scots Royal Blood. Edward II attempted to
invade Scotland and was nearly taken prisoner by the Scots during his campaign.
Edward III did in fact manage to conquer Scotland in 1332-1333 taking Robert
I`s son David II as a hostage (He was only a child) and replacing him with
John`s son Edward Baliol who was deposed and David II , though a prisoner /guest
at Edward III`s court reproclaimed King. Oliver Cromwell staged a holocaust of
Catholics and other persons loyal to King Charles II in Ireland. James II also
had allies including the Catholic Duke of Gordon and a fight was inevitable,
The Campbells, Douglases and Hamiltons adhered to William III, but the real
bloody Conquest took place following the Battle of Cullendon in 1745-1746 when
George II of Great Britain son the Duke of Cumberland known far and wide as
Butcher Cumberland systematically descimated anyone who wore the garb of any of
the clans, spoke gaelic or did anything that a Scot would do and a Englishman
not. He murdered many people had many more sent as tranportees to America and
Canada.
Sincerely,
James W Cummings
Dixmont, Maine USA



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