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From: Bonnie Schrack <>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Druze mtDNA -- I & N1
Date: Sat, 10 May 2008 14:11:15 -0400


This study's info on mtDNA hap. X and its implications are interesting,
not only for X but for other haplogroups. If this population of X has
stuck together, possibly near their place of origin, for so many
thousands of years, wouldn't it make sense to think that some of the
other mtDNA haplotypes present could also represent this ancient
population? I'm looking at the I haplotypes, for example. Of course,
over so much time, a lot of lineages will have died out, but there is a
good deal of diversity within the I haplogroup as well, which could be
from sources similar to the X. They are from the same grouping within
the phylogenetic tree, which also includes N1 (I is a part of N1) and W.

Notably, there are four Druze haplotypes which have the mutation at
16148. This has been found to indicate a sub-clade of I, which can be
called I4; it is found in other Middle Eastern populations (Dubai and
Saudis) and in some parts of Europe (Tuscany, Ladins from the Italian
Alps, Switzerland, Slovenia, Hungary, Bosnia, etc.) some of these share
other distinctive mutations as well.

Also, notably absent from the Druze haplotypes are any examples of I1 or
I2, which are very common among haplogroup I in Europe, but not seen in
the Levant or southern Middle East, to my knowledge.

And among the Druze there are two matching I haplotypes, that don't have
16148, but have mutations at 16188, 16242, and 152. I've found the
16188 mutation, along with 16148, only in one other sample, 46NHP at
Mitosearch, whose maternal origin is supposed to be Sweden, of all
places! (I think that one is likely to be a parallel mutation at
16188, because of having 16148 and not having 152.) The two examples
of the 16188-16242 Druze haplotype may be distinctive for their ethnic
group.

The lone N1 haplotype that's not labeled as N1b appears to be a unique
N1c haplotype. This is an extremely rare group. I have a collection
of most of the known N1c haplotypes, and the mutations seen in this
Druze from Kisra are found in several of them. Its 16093 is found in a
Kurd, an Armenian, and a Iranian from Tabriz (near Armenia and Kurdish
territories); all N1c haplotypes include 16265G. (Most N1c also have
16201T, but there's an Ashkenazi sample that does not.) There's very
little HVR2 data available for N1c, but of the six haplotypes I have,
the two from Italy, plus Mitosearch 6MBGP, have the mutation at 210G,
and all six of these N1c have the combination of 189, 195 and 204.

Has anyone working with other mtDNA haplogroups observed any interesting
patterns in the rest of the data?

Bonnie




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