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From: Jim Bartlett <>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Out of Africa
Date: Thu, 12 Apr 2012 14:57:48 -0500 (CDT)


I believe the concept of Y-Adam is the Most Recent Common Ancestor of all
men alive today. This is much different than trying to determine the first
homo sapiens, who evolved much earlier - both men and women at the same time
frame. The same is true for mt-Eve, the Most Recent Common Ancestor of
all living women. Through this concept, clearly they were human. The dating
of these two humans is well after humans had evolved.

Y-Adam and mt-Eve did not live at the same time. But there was, at one time,
one specific human being for each of these definitions. Because there are
always changes in the mt and Y, I don't know if every living human today
still has a SNP from them that all living humans carry.

Jim Bartlett

On 04/12/12, lkramsey<> wrote:

Original Message From: Andrew Mceachern
As to the Out of Africa, I have asked a very simple question. If we all came
out of Africa then we would all carry a specific set of SNP's that we
inherited from our Out of Africa ancestors. I will ask the question
again.....do we all carry the same set of SNP's (if they are actually
defined) as the people who are in Africa that we are supposed to be related
to. If the answer is yes...then we are all Out of Africa. If the answer is
no then we all are not out of Africa.�
Andrew,
You have asked fundamental questions to which their seems to be no
definitive answers. I would like for the list to further the discussion
with additional considerations, as well as defining the genealogy-DNA
terminology for clarity and see where our current limitations lie.
How do we define Y-Adam? Was Y-Adam genetically a human being? How, when,
and where do we define "human beings" as a genetically compatible population
who produced and continued the line of human offspring of today?. This
would necessitate the appearance of a human Mt-Eve, who has been dated much
earlier than Y-Adam.
So, where was Mt-Eve when she and her Y-DNA mate began their line of human
descendants? Are we defining them as "anatomically human" or true human
beings? Can genetics distinguish between anatomically humans and modern
humans? Are not all humans beings living today considered Cro-Magnon? Has
Cro-Magnon human beings been truly dated and located for their origins? Do
we have a "Y-Adam Cro-Magnon?" Somewhere along the way Homo sapiens
replaced hominids some 5 million years ago with many 'missing links', and
apparently no definitive location.
Lee

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